Iowa Fish Atlas

Native: Yes

State Rank: S5

ITIS Code: 163956          

National Rank: N5           

Global Rank: G5

Modeled By: Anna Loan-Wilsey

State Range:

The bigmouth buffalo is found throughout most of Iowa, except for the Nodaway River drainages.  It is most abundant in the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers and their larger tributaries, in the river impoundments and in some natural lakes (Harlan et al. 1987).  The bigmouth buffalo is less common in the smaller tributaries of the Missouri River in the southwest part of the state.

Habitat Affinities:

The bigmouth buffalo lives primarily in quiet waters in pools of large streams, lakes, and reservoirs (Pflieger 1971; Robison and Buchanan 1988; Trautman 1981). While it is commonly encountered in deep pool regions (Trautman 1981; Robison and Buchanan 1988), the species can also be found in quiet shallow waters (Etnier and Starnes, 1993; Harlan et al. 1987; Trautman 1981) and tolerates high water temperatures (Robison and Buchanan 1988).  It is more tolerant of high turbidity and standing water than other species (Pflieger 1997; Etnier and Starnes, 1993; Trautman 1981) and is successful in impoundments (Pflieger 1971; Robison and Buchanan 1988) with population densities as high as 1,200 pounds per acre in Iowa reservoirs (Harlan et al. 1987).  It sometimes moves into small streams to spawn, and its young remain in these streams during the first year of life (Pflieger 1997).  Flood control has reduced the bigmouth buffalo’s distribution in Tennessee (Etnier and Starnes, 1993).

Predictive Model(s):

Statewide Model: by 8-digit HU [Decision Tree Analysis n=193]

The distribution is based upon existing collection records.

("TEMP_CODE" = 2 AND

((( "STRAHLER" > 1 AND "STRAHLER" <= 2) AND "MAXELEVR" > 3 AND

"SOIL_TEXT" >9) OR

(("STRAHLER" > 2 AND "STRAHLER" <= 3) AND "GRADSEGR" <= 1) OR

(("STRAHLER" > 3 AND "STRAHLER" <= 4) AND "GRADSEGR" <= 1) OR

(("STRAHLER" > 4 AND "STRAHLER" <= 5) AND ("GRADRCHR" <= 2 OR

"GRADRCHR" > 5)) OR

 "STRAHLER" > 5))

 

Mississippi River Model:

The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.

("pool" >= 'S08' AND "pool" <= 'S20')

Missouri River Model

The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.

("pool" >= 'O17' AND "pool" <= 'O19')

Overall Prediction:

("TEMP_CODE" = 2 AND

((( "STRAHLER" > 1 AND "STRAHLER" <= 2) AND "MAXELEVR" > 3 AND

"SOIL_TEXT" >9) OR

(("STRAHLER" > 2 AND "STRAHLER" <= 3) AND "GRADSEGR" <= 1) OR

(("STRAHLER" > 3 AND "STRAHLER" <= 4) AND "GRADSEGR" <= 1) OR

(("STRAHLER" > 4 AND "STRAHLER" <= 5) AND ("GRADRCHR" <= 2 OR

"GRADRCHR" > 5)) OR

 "STRAHLER" > 5))OR

("pool" >= 'S08' AND "pool" <= 'S20') OR ("pool" >= 'O17' AND "pool" <= 'O19')

Literature Cited:

Etnier, D.A., and W.E. Starnes.  1993.  The fishes of Tennessee.  University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee.  681 pp.

Harlan, J.R., E.B. Speaker, and J. Mayhew.  1987.  Iowa fish and fishing. Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa. 323pp.

Pflieger, W.L.  1971.  A distributional study of Missouri fishes.  University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History  20(3):225-570.

Pflieger, W.L.  1997.  The fishes of Missouri.  Missouri Department of Conservation, Jefferson City, Missouri.  372 pp.

Robison, H.W., and T.M. Buchanan. 1988.  Fishes of Arkansas.  University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas.  536 pp.

Trautman, M.B.  1981.  The fishes of Ohio.  Revised Edition.  Ohio State University Press in collaboration with the Ohio Sea Grant Program Center for Lake Erie Area Research,  Columbus, Ohio.  782 pp.

                                   

Data Sources:

Ackerman, G.L.  1964.  Cedar River survey above Prairie Creek station.  Unpublished

report.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Ackerman, G.L.  1965.  Boone River Survey.  Unpublished report.  Iowa Conservation

Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Ackerman, G.L.  1965.  Raccoon River Survey.  Unpublished report.  Iowa Conservation

Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Atchison, G.J., R.W. Bachmann, J.G., Nickum,  J.B. Barnumand, and M.B. Sandheinrich.

1986.  Aquatic biota associated with channel stabilization structures and abandoned channels in the middle Missouri River. Final Report.  Environmental and water quality operational studies.  Technical Report E-86-6, Department of the Army, US Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C.

Barnickol, P.G., and W.C. Starrett.  1951.  Commercial and sport fishes of the

Mississippi River between Caruthersville, Missouri, and Dubuque, Iowa.  Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 25(Article 5):267-347.

Berry, C.R., D.L. Galat, and M.L. Wildhaber.  2004.  Fish distribution and abundance. 

Volume 3.  Population structure and habitat use of benthic fishes along the Missouri and lower Yellowstone rivers.  U.S. Geological Survey, Cooperative Units, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota.

Black Hawk Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Northwest

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Lake View, Iowa.

Bruce, J.  1976.  Des Moines River fisheries survey.  Project No.:76-II1-16. 1976

Fisheries Management Reports.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Chariton Fish Research Station.  2003.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Southeast

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Chariton, Iowa.

Christianson, J,. and L. Jindrich.  1983.  Big Sioux fishery investigation. South Dakota

Department of Game, Fish and Parks, Pierre, South Dakota.

Clear Lake Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Northwest

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Clear Lake, Iowa.

Cleary, R.E.  1956.  Summary of the cooperative exploratory fishing operations in the

Wisconsin-Illinois-Iowa sections of the Mississippi River- 1956.  Job Description Investigations Projects.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Cleary, R.E.  1958.  Summary of 1958 electro-fishing surveys in pools 9 through 19-

Mississippi River.  Project F-53-R.   Job Description Investigations Projects.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Cleary, R.E,. and  J. Hlavacek.  1957.  Summary of 1957 UMRCC exploratory fishing in

pools 8 to13.  Job Description Investigations Projects.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

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Coon, D.M.  1971.  A fisheries survey of the upper Skunk River, Iowa.  Master’s thesis. 

Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. 

DeCook, R., and Cleary, R.E.  1960.  Fishing gear evaluation Mississippi River - 1960.

Job Description Investigations Projects.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Dieterman, D., and C.R. Berry Jr.  1995.  The distribution and relative abundance of

fishes in the Big Sioux River, South Dakota: statewide fisheries investigations progress report.  South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota.

Dowell, V.  1981.  Collections in Cedar River Basin, 1956-1981.  University of Northern

Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa.

Ecological Analysts, Inc.  1983.  Operational ecological study in the Cedar River near

Duane Arnold Energy Center, January through December 1983.  EA Report IEL21.  Iowa Electrical Light and Power Company, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Ecological Analysts, Inc.  1984.  Operational ecological study in the Cedar River near

Duane Arnold Energy Center, January through December 1983.  EA Report IEL31.  Iowa Electrical Light and Power Company, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Fairport Fish Management and Hatchery.  2003.  Field notes and unpublished reports.

Southeast Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Fairport, Iowa.

Gelwicks, G., J. Heitke, and G. Simmons.  2002.  Contemporary fish survey. Iowa

Department of Natural Resources, Manchester, Iowa.

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Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Guttenberg, Iowa.

Harrison, H.M.  1951.  General survey of the Des Moines River below Des Moines.

Quarterly Biology Reports 3(3):32-45.

Harrison, H.M.  1958.  Preliminary report, Maple River studies.  Quarterly Biology

Report 11(1):10-16. 

Harrison, H.M.  1963.  Pre-impoundment creel census and fishery survey of Red Rock

Dam and reservoir area, Marion County, Iowa.  Quarterly Biology Reports 15(3):1-5.

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Kallemeyn, L.W.  1977.  Fish and fish food organisms in various habitats of the Missouri

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central Iowa streams.  Master’s thesis. Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

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report.  Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

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survey.  Project 75-III-C-116.  Job Completion Reports.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Lake Darling Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Southeast

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Brighton, Iowa.  

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Southeast Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Brighton, Iowa.     

Lake MacBride Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports. 

Southeast Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Solon, Iowa.

Long Term Resource Monitoring Program.  2002.   Pool 13 database, 1990-2001.  Upper

Midwest Environmental Science Center, Bellevue, Iowa.

Manchester Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Northeast

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Manchester, Iowa.

Mayhew, J.  1965.  Pre-impoundment studies on the Chariton River in the vicinity of

Rathbun Dam and reservoir- Part I: Annotated list of fishes in the Chariton River and tributaries.  Quarterly Biology Reports 17(1):59-67.

Mayhew, J.  1965.  Pre-impoundment studies of the Chariton River in the vicinity of

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McDonald, D.B.  1972.  Duane Arnold Energy Center, Cedar River baseline ecological

study.  Annual Report, April 28, 1971 to April 24, 1972.  D.B. McDonald Research Inc, Iowa City, Iowa.

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study.  Annual report, May 1972 through April 1973.  D.B. McDonald Research Inc, Iowa City, Iowa.

McDonald, D.B.  1974.  Duane Arnold Energy Center, Cedar River baseline ecological

study.  Final preoperational report, May 1, 1973 through January 2, 1974.  D.B. McDonald Research Inc, Iowa City, Iowa.

McDonald, D.B.  1975.  Duane Arnold Energy Center, Cedar River operational

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study.  Annual Report, January 1980 through December 1980.  D.B. McDonald Research Inc, Iowa City, Iowa.

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ecological study.  Annual Report, January 1981 through December 1981.  D.B. McDonald Research Inc, Iowa City, Iowa.

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Menzel, B.W.  1983.  Field notes: northeast.  Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

Menzel, B.W.  1983.  Field notes: western and southern.  Iowa State University, Ames,

Iowa.

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Iowa.

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of Iowa waters of Mississippi River - May, 1959.  Job Description Investigations Projects.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Molamphy, T.J., and R.E. Cleary.  1960.  Administrative summary electro-fishing survey

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No. 3.  Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

Putnam, T.  1974.  Pre-impoundment fish survey of the Des Moines River - Saylorville

Reservoir.  Project 74-IV-C-74.   Job Completion Reports.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Rathbun Fish Management and Hatchery.  2003.  Field notes and unpublished reports.

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comparison with upper and lower regions.  Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences 80:111-116.

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Quarterly Biology Reports 11(3):32-33.

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Master's thesis.  University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa.

Sinning, J.A.  1968.  Fishes of the Big Sioux River. Master's thesis.  South Dakota State

University, Brookings, South Dakota.

Smith, P.W,. and A.C. Lopinot.  1966.  The 1966 survey of fishes from the mouths of

Mississippi River tributaries, Appendix B, pp.226-233, Illinois State Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.

UMRCC.  1953.  Revised species list- northern section of the river.  Pages 19-32 in

Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Meeting, Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee, Rock Island, Illinois.

Van Vooren, A.  1981.  Relative utilization of Mississippi River habitats as fish nursery

areas.  Project 81-III-C-11.  Job Completion Reports.  Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa.

Wenke, T.L.  1965.  Some ecological relationships of mayflies, caddisflies, and fish in

the Mississippi River near Keokuk, Iowa.  Ph.D. dissertation.  Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

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Environmental Services Division, Water Quality Bureau, TMDL and Water Quality Assessment Section, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

Additional References:

Becker, G.C.  1983.  Fishes of Wisconsin.  University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 1052 pp.

Benson, N.G.  1980.  Effects of post-impoundment shore modifications on fish populations in Missouri River reservoirs.  U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Research Report 80.  32 pp.

Clay, W.M.  1975.  The fishes of Kentucky.  Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Frankfort, Kentucky.  416 pp.

Cross, F.B.  1967.  Handbook of fishes of Kansas.  University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Miscellaneous Publication  No. 45, Lawrence, Kansas.  357 pp.

Cross, F.B., and J.T. Collins.  1995.  Fishes in Kansas.  University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Public Education Series No. 14, Lawrence, Kansas.   315 pp.

Douglas, N.H.  1974.  Freshwater fishes of Louisiana.  Claitor’s Publishing Division, Sponsored by Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.  443 pp.

Eddy, S., and J.C. Underhill.  1974.  Northern fishes; with special reference to the upper Mississippi Valley.  University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota.  414 pp.

Gelwicks, G.T.  1995.  Fish movement between the lower Missouri River and a managed floodplain wetland in Missouri.  Master’s thesis. University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. 190 pp.

Goodchild, C.D.  1990.  Status of the bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus, in Canada.  Canadian Field-Naturalist 104:87-97.

Guillory, V.  1979b.  Utilization of an innundated floodplain by Mississippi River fishes.  Florida Scientist  42(4):222-228.

Johnson, R.P.  1963.  Studies on the life history and ecology of the bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus (Valenciennes).   Journal of Fish Research Board of Canada 20(6):1397-1429.

Kelly, G., editor.  1986.  Animal habitat relations handbook.  Missouri Department of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Jefferson City, Missouri.  293 pp.

Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr.  1980.  Atlas of North American freshwater fishes.  North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina.  867 pp.

Page, L.M., and B.M. Burr.  1991.  A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico.  Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.

Pflieger, W.L.  1989a.  Aquatic community classification system for Missouri.  Missouri Department of Conservation.  Jefferson City, Missouri.  Aquatic Series No. 19. 70 pp. plus Supplement.

Pflieger, W.L.  1989b.  The stream resources of Missouri.  D-J Project - F-1-R-28.  Study S-20.  Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, Missouri.  

Phillips, G.L., W.D. Schmid, and J.C. Underhill.  1982.  Fishes of the Minnesota region.  University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota.  248 pp.

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott.  1991.  Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada.  American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20, Bethesda, Maryland. 183 pp.

Scott, W.B., and E. J. Crossman.  1973.  Freshwater fishes of Canada.  Fisheries Research Board of Canada Bulletin No. 184, Ottawa, Canada.  966 pp.

Sheehan, R.J., W.M. Lewis, and  L.R. Bodensteiner.  1990.  Winter habitat requirements and overwintering of riverine fishes.  Southern Illinois Fisheries Research Laboratory, Carbondale, Illinois.  D-J Project F-79-R, Study 101.  234 pp.

Smith, G.R. 1992.  Phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae, freshwater fishes of North America and Asia. Pages 778-826 in Mayden, R.L., editor.  Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. xxvi + 969 pp.

Smith, P.W.  1979.  The fishes of Illinois.  University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois.  314 pp.

Stang, D.L.  1982.  Habitat partitioning and utilization of adult and juvenile fishes in

Clear Lake, Iowa.  Master’s thesis.  Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. 

Thom, R.H., and J.H. Wilson.  1980.  The natural divisions of Missouri.  Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science  14:9-24.

Photo Credits:

Upper Left:       Photo courtesy of Ouachita National Forest Red Slough Wetland Reserve Project. http://www.fs.fed.us/oonf/cons_ed/red_slough/redslough/info.html

Upper Right:     Photo courtesy of Konrad P. Schmidt, copyright Konrad P.Schmidt.